La historia de la literatura fantástica argentina, entre 1850 a 1950, por lo general, reconoce únicamente a dos autoras: Juana Manuela Gorriti y Silvina Ocampo. El largo vacío temporal que hay entre ambas da la impresión de que lo fantástico no fue frecuentado por la escritura femenina. Estudios recientes han contribuido a llenar ese vacío, señalando a Eduarda Mansilla y Raimunda Torres y Quiroga como asiduas colaboradoras en revistas y diarios decimonónicos, donde continuaron el camino trazado por (...) Gorriti; sin embargo, aún hay un periodo de alrededor de cinco décadas en el que, en apariencia, las autoras no se dedicaron a escribir relatos fantásticos. Esta “zona desierta”, que se verifica en antologías y estudios del género, resulta llamativa, pues contradice lo que ocurría en ese territorio: en ese lapso, Darío (radicado en Buenos Aires en la década de 1890), Lugones, Holmberg y Quiroga publicaron obras que llevaron a la canonización del relato fantástico. Si bien es cierto que las autoras no alcanzaron el reconocimiento que los escritores mencionados, sí incursionaron en la literatura fantástica, pero sus textos permanecieron, en su mayoría, en las páginas de publicaciones periódicas. El presente trabajo es una modesta contribución en la difícil tarea de mostrar la participación de las narradoras en la literatura fantástica argentina de principios del siglo pasado. Para este propósito, se analizan, desde la perspectiva de la ginocrítica, cinco cuentos prácticamente desconocidos de María del Carmen Alonso, Olga de Adeler, Lola S. B. de Bourguet, Alfonsina Storni y Emma Felce. (shrink)

In gender studies on nineteenth century Argentine literature, a woman writer has been vindicated: Juana Manuela Gorriti. Considered a succesful intellectual because she was the first who entered the literary market, she is faced to another contemporary intelectual figure, Juana Manso. Novelist, teacher and politically close to Sarmiento´s ideas, Manso was insulted by the most conservative sectors of bourgeoisie. Despite Gorriti, in the contemporary feminist analysis Manso is seen like an unsuccessful intelectual. This essay tries (...) to explain the unlike luck of both, in past an present, taking in consideration political differences between them. (shrink)

Este artículo presenta una lectura crítica de un trabajo central de Axel Honneth desde la teoría de la sujeción de Judith Butler. Intenta mostrar que, por la ausencia en su escrito de una consideración sobre el poder, el pensador alemán no logra cumplir satisfactoriamente su objetivo propuesto de enfrentar las posturas que cuestionan el potencial crítico del reconocimiento. La hipótesis que aquí se maneja es que esa ausencia está ligada a su definición del reconocimiento como lo contrario de las prácticas (...) de dominio o sometimiento. Ahora bien, Honneth afirma que el escepticismo de esas posturas respecto del reconocimiento se basa en la idea de que toda praxis recognoscente reproduce de alguna manera el orden social dominante. El presente trabajo se propone entonces, cuestionar esta aseveración del autor advirtiendo que un análisis sobre el modo en que el poder actúa en las prácticas cotidianas de reconocimiento no necesariamente conlleva una renuncia de la función crítica del concepto para la teoría social. Más bien, como sugiere la noción butleriana (y foucaultiana) de crítica, sólo enmarcando al reconocimiento en el horizonte normativo que lo delimita puede convertirse en la base de la indagación social. (shrink)

In this text we explore and present some elements that allow us to consider the elaboration of a feminist theory of the State. In principle, it is about starting from a materialistic philosophical perspective that provides us with a broad and rigorous framework for inquiry, which includes a consideration of the complex social topic in which our practices are inscribed and a special attention to the dynamics of affects that guide us in them. Based on this perspective, we propose the (...) concept of State of care. The logic of care to which we refer here is not limited to the problem of social reproduction but crosses the set of instances and practices, and simultaneously involves a way of knowing, a way of being and a way of constituting oneself. (shrink)

We previously showed that owner personality and human-dog relationship predicted the performance of a human-dog dyad in a practical task. Based on the same data set we presently investigate the effects of individual and social factors on the social attraction of dogs to their owners. Twenty-two male and female owners and their intact male dogs were observed during a “picture viewing” test, where we diverted the owner's attention away from their dog whilst it was permitted to move freely around the (...) room. Owner personality axis “neuroticism” and dog personality axis “vocal and aggressive” were, respectively, positively and negatively related to the time the dog stayed in proximity to the owner. Quality of relationship and attachment also had significant effects on this proximity. We conclude that personality and the nature of the human-dog relationship may all influence dogs' social attraction to their owners. (shrink)

In this paper we introduce a new generation of language trainers: intelligent virtual agents (IVAs) with human appearance and the capability to teach foreign language vocabulary. We report results from studies that we have conducted with Billie, an IVA employed as a vocabulary trainer, as well as research findings on the acceptance of the agent as a trainer by adults and children. The results show that Billie can train humans as well as a human teacher can and that both adults (...) and children accept the IVA as a trainer. The advantages of IVAs are multiple. First, their teaching methods can be based on neuropsychological research findings concerning memory and learning practice. Second, virtual teachers can provide individualized training. Third, they coach users during training, are always supportive, and motivate learners to train. Fourth, agents will reside in the user's mobile devices and thus be at the user's disposal everywhere and anytime. Agents in apps will make foreign language training accessible to anybody at low cost. This will enable people around the world, including physically, financially, and geographically disadvantaged persons, to learn a foreign language and help to facilitate multilingualism. (shrink)

Although we are beginning to understand the neurocognitive processes that underlie the emergence of dreaming, what accounts for the bizarre phenomenology of dreams remains debated. I address this question by comparing dreaming with waking mind wandering and challenging previous accounts that utilize bizarreness to mark a sharp divide between conscious experiences in waking and sleeping. Instead, I propose that bizarreness is a common, non-deficient feature of spontaneous offline simulations occurring across the sleep-wake cycle and can be tied to the specific (...) characteristics of spontaneous thought as being dynamic, unconstrained, (hyper)associative and highly variable in content. Rather than misrepresenting waking reality, bizarreness can be employed to investigate the very building blocks of spontaneous cognition. The absence of bizarreness in thought processes is imposed by automatic and deliberate cognitive constraints. By contrast, thought and memory processes operating on their own without such constraints are inherently marked by different degrees and types of bizarreness. (shrink)

We previously showed that owner personality and human–dog relationship predicted the performance of a human–dog dyad in a practical task. Based on the same data set we presently investigate the effects of individual and social factors on the social attraction of dogs to their owners. Twenty-two male and female owners and their intact male dogs were observed during a “picture viewing” test, where we diverted the owner’s attention away from their dog whilst it was permitted to move freely around the (...) room. Owner personality axis “neuroticism” and dog personality axis “vocal and aggressive” were, respectively, positively and negatively related to the time the dog stayed in proximity to the owner. Quality of relationship and attachment also had significant effects on this proximity. We conclude that personality and the nature of the human–dog relationship may all influence dogs’ social attraction to their owners. Keywords: companion animals; dog–human attachment; dyadic relationships; human-animal interactions; human–dog attachment; human–dog relationship; human–dog social interactions; personality; pets. (shrink)

L2 learners may access UG principles because these are realized in all natural languages. Since this is not the case for the parametrized aspects of language, parameter setting may be progressively replaced by restructuring mechanisms which are specifically related to the process of representational redescription because L2 learners are not sensitive to the [±] features which define parameters.

To date, we know very little about the effects of the differences in attachment classifications on the physiological correlates of stress regulation in adolescent age groups. The present study examined for the first time heart rate and heart rate variability during an attachment interview in adolescents. HR and HRV data were collected during a baseline assessment as well as during the administration of the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System in a community-based sample of 56 adolescents. We additionally used the Adult (...) Attachment Interview in 50% of our sample to test the convergent validity. Adolescents with a secure attachment representation showed a higher HRV from baseline to the AAP interview compared to those with an insecure-dismissing and the unresolved group. A comparison between the two insecure attachment groups showed no significant difference related to HR and HRV. Cohen’s Kappa revealed an almost perfect agreement between the AAP and the AAI for the four-group classification. Our results indicate that adolescents with a secure attachment representation are more capable of dealing with attachment-related distress which is represented in higher HRV during an attachment interview. (shrink)

All humans share a universal, evolutionarily ancient approximate number system (ANS) that estimates and combines the numbers of objects in sets with ratio-limited precision. Interindividual variability in the acuity of the ANS correlates with mathematical achievement, but the causes of this correlation have never been established. We acquired psychophysical measures of ANS acuity in child and adult members of an indigene group in the Amazon, the Mundurucú, who have a very restricted numerical lexicon and highly variable access to mathematics education. (...) By comparing Mundurucú subjects with and without access to schooling, we found that education significantly enhances the acuity with which sets of concrete objects are estimated. These results indicate that culture and education have an important effect on basic number perception. We hypothesize that symbolic and nonsymbolic numerical thinking mutually enhance one another over the course of mathematics instruction. (shrink)

ExcerptThe French political theorist George Sorel repeatedly prophesied that Europe would provide the future soil of armed cataclysms.1 Furthermore, he claimed that the catalyzing factors for the conflicts of political power that lay behind such eruptions of violence and anarchy were myths, conceived not in the anthropological sense but as a series of images formed into a dramatic narrative capable of mobilizing social movements and inspiring violence to change the status quo. Thomas Mann lent weight to such an analysis when (...) he predicted that “in the era of the masses, parliamentary discussion would necessarily prove utterly inadequate as a means of shaping political will.” Thus, “in the future what was needed in its place were mythic fictions, which would be fed to the masses as the primitive battle cries necessary for unleashing and activating political energies.” Henceforth “popular myths, or better, myths trimmed for the masses, would be the vehicle of political action—fables, chimeras, phantasms that needed to have nothing whatever to do with truth, reason, or science in order to be productive nonetheless.”. (shrink)

El presente estudio tiene como propósito esbozar el proyecto ético deleuziano partiendo de la idea del eterno retorno nietzscheana, en virtud de que nuestra lectura vislumbra que dicho proyecto se dibuja en Nietzsche y la filosofía en el anclaje del eterno retorno y la afirmación de la vida, las cuales tienen como finalidad vencer al nihilismo. Para llegar a dicho propósito, se explicará el origen del concepto del eterno retorno, mostrando cómo funciona no solo desde el plano ontológico sino también (...) dentro del actuar humano. Nos hemos guiado por la interrogante sobre ¿qué es lo que persigue el eterno retorno en el terreno de la ética?, vinculando dicha idea con la vida concreta del individuo que vive las consecuencias de un pensamiento que niega la vida. Palabras clave: Deleuze - Eterno retorno - Ética - Afirmación de la vida - Ontología. (shrink)

Motivated by Kalman residuated lattices, Nelson residuated lattices and Nelson paraconsistent residuated lattices, we provide a natural common generalization of them. Nelson conucleus algebras unify these examples and further extend them to the non-commutative setting. We study their structure, establish a representation theorem for them in terms of twist structures and conuclei that results in a categorical adjunction, and explore situations where the representation is actually an isomorphism. In the latter case, the adjunction is elevated to a categorical equivalence. By (...) applying this representation to the original motivating special cases we bring to the surface their underlying similarities. (shrink)

Este ensayo reflexiona sobre el tipo de política cultural que una sociedad necesita. Defiende la idea de que la producción cultural, desde la subjetividad, es esencial para la diversidad. Analiza la importancia central de una política pública sobre la cultura, en la cual destaca el derecho a la información. Tras el discurso teórico, se examina la política pública de información en Colombia, donde se ponen de manifiesto unas estrategias que van en contra de la pluralidad y de una producción cultural (...) realmente democrática.This essay thinks about the type of cultural politics that a society needs. It defends the idea of that the cultural production, from the subjectivity, is essential for the diversity. It analyzes the central importance of a public politics on the culture, in which the right stands out to the information. After the theoretical speech, the public politics of information is examined in Colombia, where they put of manifest on a few strategies that go in opposition to the plurality and a cultural really democratic production. (shrink)

A layoff is a threatening yet common event which employees might face at some point in their working lives. In two scenario-based experiments, we investigated which actions of a layoff agent during a dismissal notification meeting may contribute to laid-off employees’ fairness judgments and negative attitudes toward the employer. In general, the extent to which layoff victims were treated with respect was consistently found to increase perceptions of interpersonal and procedural fairness and to mitigate negative attitudes toward the employer. Further (...) results showed that layoff victims preferred to be given an adequate explanation of the reasons for the layoff and to receive notice from the direct supervisor. Relationships between the layoff agent’s actions and layoff victims’ negative attitudes toward the employer were mediated by perceptions of procedural fairness. In addition, delegating the layoff agent’s task to an external consultant increased perceived psychological contract breach. Our findings have important implications for organizational justice research and for the managerial practice of implementing fair layoffs. In particular, small actions, such as treating employees with respect, might be of benefit both to humans and organizations. (shrink)

Gender bias is a recalcitrant problem in academia and society. However, dissent has been created on this issue. We focus on dissenting studies by Stephen J. Ceci and Wendy M. Williams, arguing that they reach conclusions that are unwarranted on the basis of the available evidence and that they ignore fundamental objections to their methodological decisions. Drawing on discussions from other contexts, particularly on manufactured dissent concerning anthropogenic climate change, we conclude that dissent on gender bias substantially contributes to the (...) exacerbation of biases in society and an increasing number of attacks on researchers, making it both epistemically and socially problematic. (shrink)

El adulto, como intermediario entre las obras literarias y los niños o jóvenes, ha utilizado unos instrumentos de control con criterios basados en aspectos religiosos, psicológicos, pedagógicos y morales, que han influido en el proceso de creación del autor y en sus publicaciones. Es ineludible la reflexión sobre antiguos mecanismos de censura y los que aún perduran en la actualidad.

In this article I analyse the structural and cultural conditions of low-caste women's political agency in urban north India. Whereas in Western feminist political theory, the sexual division of labour is considered to be a key constraint for women's political participation, I show how this has a secondary relevance in the context analysed. I argue that issues concerning the division of labour are intertwined with and subject to those of male consent and support for women's activities. I illustrate how it (...) is often the supposedly ‘oppressive’ household boundaries rather than alternative outer spaces that, under a series of enabling circumstances, initiate women's political activities. Against this backdrop, I show how Indian women activists’ political agency is shaped by men's role, and how agency's relational nature is embedded in women's lifecycles, everyday practices and cultural expectations; in essence, in overall gendered agency. Comparative analyses between Western and non-Western models of political participation and discourse have only just begun. In this respect, I contribute to this nascent field in the following directions: not only do the arguments I present in this article challenge the individualistic Western subject of political action, but they also complicate the idea of the resulting empowerment as a culturally constructed process whose understanding arises from the dialectics between insider and outsider values. (shrink)

We analyzed the processing of noun-noun metaphors, which have been relatively understudied, compared to other types of figurative expressions, such as X is Y metaphors (e.g., He...

The paper tackles the controversial question of the affinities between the work of Aby Warburg and Carl Gustav Jung. Instead of focussing her interest exclusively on the concepts of collective memory and primordial images, though, the author critically compares the different ways Warburg and Jung looked at the renaissance of ancient practices of Paganism at the beginning of the Twentieth century, and questions the extent to which the cultural crisis heralded by Modernity, and the challenges brought about by secularisation influenced (...) their reading of the revivals. (shrink)